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Niobium is a silvery metallic transition metal that has a hardness that is comparable to titanium. It is a member of the Group 5 elements in the periodic table and has electrons in its outer shell.
It is chemically similar to tantalum and has a similar hardness, but it does not tarnish or oxidize at room temperature. It is insoluble in water, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and aqua regia.
This element has a high electronegativity number which means that it attracts more electrons than other elements or compounds. This is the primary reason that it is a Type II superconductor.
The first ionization energy of niobium is 6.7589 eV. This is a relatively low value, but it has to be considered in relation to other niobium properties.
Thermal conductivity of niobium is 53.7 W/m.K. This is a measure of the ability of a material to transfer heat by conduction, as opposed to radiation or a thermal expansion that changes its length or volume with temperature change. It is an important property because it indicates how much heat can be transferred through a material in one time.
Electrical resistance of niobium is 152 nOm. This is a fundamental property that quantifies how well niobium conducts an electric current.
It has a magnetic susceptibility of N/A. This is a dimensionless proportionality factor that indicates the degree of magnetization of niobium when subjected to an external magnetic field.
It has a density of 8.57g/cm3. This is a fairly typical value for a substance at atmospheric pressure. It also has an ultimate tensile strength of 275 MPa and yield stress of 70 MPa.
